Bhagalpur Silk

Bhagalpur Silk, also known as Bhagalpuri Silk or Tussar Silk, is a traditional silk fabric produced in the Bhagalpur region of Bihar. It is one of the most respected handloom silks in India and has earned Bhagalpur the title of “Silk City of India.” This silk is valued for its natural texture, earthy appearance, and cultural richness.

Bhagalpur Silk is officially recognized under the Geographical Indications (GI) of Goods Act, ensuring its authenticity and regional identity.

Origin of Bhagalpur Tussar Silk

Bhagalpur silk is developed from wild Tussar silk, obtained from the cocoons of Antheraea paphia silkworms. These silkworms, also known as Vanya silkworms, are native to India and live freely in forest environments.

They feed on trees belonging to the Terminalia species, which contributes to the silk’s natural color and texture. Due to this wild origin, Bhagalpur silk has a slightly rough and uneven yarn texture, giving the fabric a unique handcrafted feel.

Weaving Technique and Design Patterns

The weaving of Bhagalpur Silk is carried out on 4-shaft frame looms using traditional handloom methods. The fabric design is created by introducing contrast extra weft yarns, which enhance the surface texture and visual appeal.

Common design patterns include:

• Stripes

• Checks

• Solid colors

• Surface ornamentation added after base fabric development

These simple yet elegant designs highlight the natural beauty of Tussar silk.

Processing Centers and Artisan Communities

Champanagar (Nathnagar) is one of the main centers where Bhagalpuri silk is processed. The skills of silk weaving have been passed down through generations of weaver families, making the craft an integral part of the local economy and cultural identity.

The weaving process is largely handmade, with minimal mechanization, preserving the originality and craftsmanship of the fabric.

Product Range of Bhagalpur Silk

Bhagalpur Silk is versatile and used to produce a wide range of products, including:

• Sarees (Bhagalpuri Sarees)

• Dress materials

• Stoles and dupattas

• Shawls

• Kurtis

• Home furnishing items

This wide product range has increased its popularity in both domestic and international markets.

Cultural and Market Significance

Bhagalpur Silk reflects simplicity, elegance, and sustainability. The fabric is preferred by customers who value natural fibers and handcrafted textiles. Its breathable nature and rich texture make it suitable for both everyday wear and special occasions.

The silk has gained recognition across India and abroad, supporting artisan livelihoods and promoting Bihar’s handloom heritage.

GI Registration Data Box

Name of Product: Bhagalpur Silk
Name of State: Bihar
Certificate Date: 15/01/2013
Registration Holder Name: Bhagalpur Tussar Silk Development Samiti
Address: Weavers Service Center, Kanchangarh, Barari, Bhagalpur – 812003, Bihar
Nature of Goods: Handloom Silk Textile

Why Bhagalpur Silk Appeals to Modern Buyers

Modern buyers appreciate Bhagalpur Silk for its eco-friendly origin, natural texture, and timeless designs. The slightly rough feel of Tussar silk adds authenticity and character, making it popular for ethnic wear, sustainable fashion, and premium handloom collections.

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